**Application and Function of Hydraulic Universal Material Testing Machine**
For many years, we have been working in the testing machine industry, gaining comprehensive experience in identifying and solving common issues. Below are some typical problems and their solutions:
1. **Poor sensitivity of the dial pointer**, with the needle stopping after unloading or frequently changing its zero position. This can be caused by several factors:
- Dust and rust on the rack pulley and track. Clean them and apply a small amount of watch oil.
- The pointer's rotation shaft is dirty. Clean it thoroughly.
- The racker and rack are in contact. Loosen them if necessary.
- Poor return oil from the buffer. Adjust or clean the system.
- The belt on the force measuring piston is loose or detached, causing irregular movement. Tighten or replace it.
- Increased friction or sticking of the piston inside the cylinder. Apply chrome oxide paste to smooth the surface.
- Obstruction during the pendulum’s lifting process, or a dirty/rusted pendulum shaft. Clean and lubricate.
2. **Oil leakage or broken tubing during loading**:
Check all oil system joints for tightness. Replace gaskets if needed. If the tubing is damaged, replace it with a stronger one. Also, inspect the oil delivery valve and relief valve piston to ensure they are not stuck or reversed.
3. **Pendulum position is abnormal or not vertical**:
This is often due to high viscosity or dirty oil. Replace the oil with the correct viscosity. If the force measuring piston has excessive friction or doesn’t rotate smoothly, check if the machine is level and fix any issues. Unstable friction may require cleaning the pendulum shaft bearing, toothed rod, pointer, and wire wheel. Adjust the machine’s level and reduce friction.
4. **The hammer moves too fast or too slow**:
Normally, adjust the buffer to the correct position. If the damper’s oil hole is clogged, or the steel ball and valve seat are improperly aligned, clean the valve and adjust the gap between the ball and seat to about 0.5mm. Adjust the oil needle knob to reduce the gap between the needle and valve body, then re-mark the ABC scale. If temperature changes affect performance, consider replacing the oil.
5. **After the sample breaks, the pendulum falls quickly, causing impact**:
This is usually due to a faulty buffer. In addition to regular adjustments, check if the oil is too thin or too dirty.
6. **The secondary needle does not stop at the correct position and does not align with the main needle**:
Remove the dial glass and adjust the compression spring screw on the secondary needle to align it with the main needle.
7. **During tensile tests, the sample always breaks on both sides**:
First, check if the test machine is installed vertically. If that is fine, check the following:
- Ensure the jaws are properly clamped and symmetrically positioned.
- Adjust the lifting guide wheel so the upper and lower jaws are concentric. Use a test rod and measure with a dial gauge until alignment is achieved.
- Inferior jaw quality or damaged teeth can cause slippage, making it hard to determine the yield point. Replace the jaws if necessary.
By addressing these issues promptly, you can ensure the proper functioning and accuracy of your hydraulic universal material testing machine.
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