4 Technological progress in quenching machine tools
Quenching machines in induction heat treatment equipment are also an important aspect. In the past ten years, large auto companies and large-scale auto parts factories have continuously purchased quenching machine tools with reliable performance and advanced technology. This provides an important business opportunity for domestic induction heat treatment equipment enterprises. After hard work, the quenching machine tool has made great progress. A large number of quenching machine tools have reached the advanced level of similar foreign equipment, such as the crankshaft quenching machine tool and cam produced by Hengjing Company. Axle quenching machine tools, semi-shaft quenching machine tools, steering knuckle quenching machine tools, torsion bar quenching machine tools, damper rod quenching machine tools, etc. [3]. Of course, the general quenching machine used in ordinary heat treatment plants also has significant improvements in control precision and flexibility. The following are some details of the technical progress of the quenching machine:
4.1 Transmission system
The transmission system mainly uses mechanical transmission, and a large number of ball screws and linear guides representing modern mechanical transmission technology are used.
4.2 Speed ​​and position control
The main drive adopts servo numerical control, the moving speed is even and stable, the carriage positioning is accurate, the repeating precision is high, and the intermediate shifting can also be realized; the workpiece rotation is mostly driven by variable frequency speed control, and the different speeds can be selected according to the parts, the structure is simple, and the operation is reliable.
4.3 Action sequence control and display
A large number of numerical control (NC) equipment are used to realize the action sequence control, the control precision is extremely high, and the process parameters of hundreds of parts can be stored, and the number of parts processed by memory can be memorized. Real-time monitoring of the operating status of the device can be connected to the alarm device, and alarms and stops whenever the device fails. The data stored in the NC can be recalled and displayed at any time.
Some simple machine tools also use PLC control to achieve a lower level of intelligence.
4.4 Anti-rust, waterproof and anti-steam measures for machine tools
Machine tool rust prevention
The water and water vapor of the quenching machine must exist. They are resistant to the corrosion and erosion of the machine's water tank and moving parts, and the rust of the parts is the source of equipment failure. The main measures for rust prevention of quenching machine tools are the use of stainless steel materials: stainless steel plates made of stainless steel plates or stainless steel plates; ball screws, ladder screws, top and top sleeves are made of stainless steel, and are made according to the occasion and function. Use 1Cr18Hi9Ti, 2Cr13 or 3Cr13, etc.; some parts should be made of brass.
Machine tool waterproof
Quenching water splashing during quenching machine work is normal, but quenching water splash not only affects civilized production, but also affects worker operations. The main measures to prevent quenching water splash are to install protective doors, stainless steel plates and plexiglass for protective doors, brass guides and nylon bearings. For the quenching transformer to move the machine up and down, a stainless steel waterproof curtain should be installed on the upper and lower sides of the transformer.
Prevent quenching water vapor and soot from polluting the environment
When the quenching machine works, water vapor is generated, and when the parts are not cleaned, soot is also generated. In some foreign-funded enterprises, the water vapor and oil fumes are not allowed to be distributed. At this time, the top of the front slot of the machine tool should be closed and closed, and the waste steam condenser is added to condense the water vapor and the soot into water. Or add oil mist collector and other measures.
4.5 Three-dimensional fine-tuning device of quenching transformer and quick-change connection technology of inductor
The quenching transformer is placed on a three-dimensional movable platform. The platform can be moved 50mm in the up, down, left and right directions and the front and rear directions to meet a small amount of adjustment of the quenching position.
The quick change technology of the sensor contains two contents: (1) A quick change device for electrical connection between the inductor and the quenching transformer, which is fast and convenient to fasten, safely passes through a large current, and does not generate heat. (2) The quick connection between the cooling water pipe and the quenching water pipe on the inductor, and the cooling water pipe and the quenching water pipe are connected by a quick change connector, which can be fast and reliable. Nowadays, a series of brass quick-change joints have been produced in China, which can meet the needs.
5 energy monitor
The energy monitor is not a necessary component of the usual induction heat treatment equipment, but the induction heat treatment equipment supplied by the well-known foreign induction heating equipment company is generally equipped with this device, which can guarantee the heating quality of the parts under the condition of poor grid voltage quality. Consistency with quenching quality. Our company has successfully developed energy monitor technology and has applied it in large quantities. In a large automobile semi-axle factory, the power grid voltage fluctuates greatly. We have done the following tests: voltage of 350V at 9:00, voltage of 380V at 4 pm, voltage of 400V at 10 o'clock, and 440V at 2 o'clock in the morning. One time quenched half shaft, each sampling one half shaft, and sampling at three specified positions on each half shaft (splines, journals, flange fillets), checking surface hardness and quenching layer depth, four and a half The corresponding position test results of the axes are basically the same.
The energy monitor works on the principle that each part undergoes a process test to determine how much energy (kW-s) is needed to heat it to the quenching temperature. This energy value is set. When the voltage is low, the heating time is automatically extended, and when the voltage is high, the heating is performed. The time is automatically shortened and the heating energy is kept constant. The energy of quenching heating reaches the set value, and the equipment automatically stops heating, thus ensuring the consistency of heating quality and quenching quality.
6 Conclusion
Since the reform and opening up, especially in the past ten years, China's induction heat treatment equipment technology has made great progress. Our company's products have reached or approached the advanced level of international similar products, and the cost performance is much higher than foreign famous brand products. We can tell the people responsibly: the domestic induction heat treatment equipment can basically meet the needs of the development of China's induction heat treatment business.
Looking back on the first decade, we were pleasantly surprised to find that private enterprises are the main force in the advancement of induction heat treatment (equipment) technology in China. Our company has successfully developed a series of key technologies, such as thyristor intermediate frequency power supply technology, IGBT super audio power supply technology, MOSFET. High-frequency power technology, crankshaft fillet quenching technology, car constant speed quenching technology, corrugating roller quenching technology, copper-iron cladding welding technology. We have reason to believe that relying on our own wisdom, China's induction heat treatment technology will be pushed to the international advanced level.
About the author: Liu Youhong (1968-), male, engineer, general manager of Shanghai Hengjing Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Co., Ltd. Hengjing Company is a high-tech enterprise specializing in the development and production of high- and medium-frequency heat treatment complete sets of equipment. It has strong technical force and has 16 patents. Has passed ISO9001, 2000 quality system certification. Address: No. 1238, Huijin Road, Qingpu Industrial Circle, Shanghai;
contact number.
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Angular contact ball bearings mainly bear large unidirectional axial load. The greater the contact angle, the greater the load bearing capacity. The material of cage is steel plate, brass or engineering plastics. The forming method is stamping or turning. It is selected according to the bearing form or using condition. Others include combined angular contact ball bearings, double row angular contact ball bearings and four-point contact ball bearings.
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