The research team successfully used electricity for the first time to make non-magnetic materials under normal conditions magnetic. This discovery makes it possible to manufacture electronic components from common materials. Simply put, when most of the electrons of atoms in a material rotate in the same direction, ferromagnetism occurs. But for non-magnetic materials, electrons are usually paired, so their opposite spins cancel out the magnetic field.
Researchers have successfully induced magnetism in a material that is usually not magnetic at all-pyrite (also called iron sulfide). In this study, the team used a technique called electrolyte gating.
First, the team put pyrite into contact with an ionic liquid electrolyte. Then the team applied a current of only 1 volt to move the positively charged molecules to the area where the electrolyte and pyrite contact, creating a measurable magnetic force. Interestingly, once the voltage is turned off, the magnetism is also turned off, which may be convenient in electronic applications.
Chris Leighton, the lead researcher of the study, said: “We are very surprised by how it works. By applying a voltage, we basically inject electrons into the material. In theory, if you get a high enough electron concentration, the material will want to spontaneously Become a ferromagnetic body. This has a lot of potential. We have done this on iron sulfide, and we think we can also do this on other materials."
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