At present, the global total production of polyurethane has exceeded 10 million tons per year, the annual average growth rate of production capacity is 4.4%, and the average annual consumption growth is 3.4%. China is the largest production base and consumption of polyurethane industry in Asia. In the market, the consumption growth rate of polyurethane products is about 20%. It can be seen that in the future application of building energy-saving, the application prospect of polyurethane rigid foam is quite broad.
As one of the most excellent insulation materials in the current insulation and energy saving market, the application of polyurethane rigid foam products in building energy-saving insulation is more and more extensive. Studies have shown that polyurethane products account for 15% of the global building materials application, and about 49% of the building insulation materials in developed countries such as Europe and America are polyurethane materials. Less than 10%.
I. Analysis of polyurethane rigid foam properties Ultra-low thermal conductivity of polyurethane rigid foam
Polyurethane rigid foam has excellent thermal properties, and its thermal conductivity is lower than that of air. It is currently incomparable with thermal insulation materials commonly used in engineering. Therefore, if polyurethane rigid foam is used as the thermal insulation material, the insulation layer of the wall will be thinned, the self-weight of the building will be reduced, and the living area of ​​the house will also increase.
1, polyurethane hard foam good fire and temperature resistance
Although the polyurethane rigid foam is a polymer, it is a thermosetting material that is inert in combustion and does not produce molten flammable flame dripping, but will form a coking protective layer, which effectively inhibits melting. The danger of the spread of fire. At the same time, polyurethane rigid foam can resist the splashing of Mars and radiant heat, it can also prevent oxygen from entering the board, or the interior of the wall insulation layer is in contact with the foam core material, thus not causing direct combustion of the core material, which can ensure the integrity of the building. Sex. At the same time, by adjusting the formula, the polyurethane rigid foam material can fully meet the high fire performance requirements of the building insulation material.
Polystyrene foam is a thermoplastic material that softens and deforms first in the event of a fire, and then melts and shrinks with combustion, and hot liquid dripping or flowing. After burning to a certain extent, the entire insulation structure system will collapse.
2. Excellent self-adhesive properties of polyurethane rigid foam and wall substrate
Polyurethane rigid foam material can be firmly bonded to various materials such as block and masonry. Its bonding strength is greater than its own tensile strength and it can resist wind pressure well. As a material for exterior wall insulation system, it is suitable for a variety of construction methods. During construction, it can make full use of its excellent self-adhesive properties, so that the polyurethane rigid foam exterior insulation finish system can be better combined with the external wall surface. Saves on materials and labor.
3, polyurethane hard foam excellent mechanical properties and processing properties
Polyurethane rigid foam has excellent physical and mechanical properties, it is light in weight, has high compressive strength and shear strength. It is a hydrophobic material with a closed cell ratio of more than 90%. It has excellent moisture resistance, waterproof and soundproofing. Function; polyurethane rigid foam has a variety of processing, can be selected according to different ways of use, such as on-site spraying, on-site casting, prefabricated panels, etc.; in addition, polyurethane rigid foam also has good acoustic properties, electrical properties and It is resistant to weak chemicals such as weak acid and weak alkali, non-toxic, non-irritating and non-bioparasitic.
Second, the analysis of the application of polyurethane rigid foam products
1. Understanding of the cost of polyurethane rigid foam exterior wall insulation system
Buildings as a durable consumer product should be considered from a complete, long-term, practical system for the cost of applying an exterior insulation system. The price of insulation materials is only a part of the cost of the insulation system. It also considers the number of construction processes, the difficulty of construction, the consumption of construction consumables, the durability of the project, safety, and the comfort of living. However, from the above performance analysis, the comprehensive cost price after applying the polyurethane rigid foam insulation system is very suitable.
2. Analysis of advantages and disadvantages of various construction systems for polyurethane rigid foam exterior wall insulation
In a big way, the polyurethane rigid foam exterior wall insulation construction system includes two typical processes: on-site construction and factory prefabricated panels. On-site construction can be divided into three types: spraying, demoulding casting and free-form template casting; prefabricated plates are divided into continuous plates, molded plates and large blocks according to different construction techniques. As a kind of external thermal insulation system, polyurethane rigid foam should be promoted and applied on a large scale. Prefabricated panels should be promoted first, because the quality and specifications of prefabricated sheet products are easy to control, production and construction are not affected by the weather, and the construction period can be guaranteed. The personnel's polyurethane rigid foam has low technical expertise and easy access to construction skills. Large blocks are not recommended for prefabricated sheet systems because the system not only does not utilize the good adhesion of the polyurethane rigid foam itself, but also increases the opening due to cutting into sheets, which affects the insulation effect.
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