Tomato fertilization technology points

First, fertilization at the seedling stage When the soil nitrogen (N) content is below 30 mg/kg and phosphorus (P) is less than 20 mg/kg, tomato seedlings tend to grow slowly and appear weak. Ensuring strong, healthy seedlings is crucial for achieving high yields in tomatoes. To prepare the seedbed, about 10–15 days before sowing, it's recommended to apply 100–150 kg of well-composted mixed manure over an area of 11 m². This should be thoroughly mixed with the soil. Additionally, 0.15–0.23 kg of general calcium phosphate or 0.3–0.5 kg of superphosphate can be added to provide sufficient phosphorus. For potassium, 0.15–0.17 kg (equivalent to approximately 0.3 kg of potassium sulfate) should also be incorporated into the soil. Alternatively, applying 1 kg of a balanced NPK fertilizer (15:15:15) per 11 m² before planting can significantly improve seedling growth, fruit setting, and overall yield. If using nutrient blocks or transplanting seedlings grown in a controlled medium, the root system is often smaller, leading to a shorter establishment period and earlier harvest. To prepare the growing medium, mix 50–60% peat, 25–30% horse manure, 15–20% garden soil, 20–30% charcoal, and 20–30% compost. This mixture should be fully blended and filled into the seedbed, then watered or misted for optimal germination and early growth. Second, fertilization before planting Before planting, it’s important to apply decomposed organic fertilizer. A recommended application rate is 75–105 tons of high-quality farmyard manure per hectare. In addition, 90–120 kg of phosphorus should be applied, equivalent to 750–975 kg of calcium phosphate or 195–255 kg of superphosphate. For potassium, 112.5–150 kg should be added, which is equivalent to 225–300 kg of potassium sulfate. Combining these with nitrogen fertilizer can lead to significant yield improvements. Third, top-dressing after planting 1. Seedling fertilizer: After planting, when the second set of leaves begins to develop, it's time to apply a light dose of fertilizer. Apply 7,500 kg of diluted manure water per hectare or 15–30 kg of nitrogen (N), equivalent to 30–60 kg of urea or 70.5–142.5 kg of ammonium sulfate. If the soil is poor or the base fertilizer was insufficient, this step is especially important to support early growth. 2. Fruit-promoting fertilizer: When the first cluster of fruits starts to swell, apply fertilizer during irrigation. This should account for 30–40% of the total top-dressing. Use 7,500–15,000 kg of manure per hectare or 45–60 kg of nitrogen (N), equivalent to 90–135 kg of urea or 210–285 kg of ammonium sulfate. Avoid using ammonium nitrate in later stages to prevent nitrogen leaching and excessive nitrate buildup in the fruit. 3. Fruiting-stage top-dressing: During the fruiting period, both the plant’s vegetative growth and fruit development accelerate. If fertilization is inadequate during this phase, plants may decline prematurely, fruits may not develop properly, and quality may suffer. It’s recommended to apply 2–3 rounds of top-dressing during the period when the first fruit turns white until the third fruit swells rapidly. Apply 75–150 kg of nitrogen (N) per hectare, equivalent to 165–330 kg of urea or 357–714 kg of ammonium sulfate. You can also combine this with foliar sprays of 0.3–0.5% urea, 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.5–0.8% calcium nitrate, applied 2–3 times. This helps maintain yield and reduces the risk of fruit diseases.

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