In daily farming activities, farmers often misuse pesticides due to improper handling, which can reduce the effectiveness of the chemicals and even cause phytotoxicity. This not only poses risks to human and animal health but also leads to economic losses in production. Therefore, we would like to remind farmers to pay attention to the following key points to ensure safe and effective pesticide use.
Firstly, it is essential to avoid using counterfeit, contaminated, or banned pesticides. When handling pesticides, always use containers made of non-reactive materials such as plastic, glass, or ceramic. Avoid using metal tools, as they may react with the chemicals, reducing their effectiveness or even producing harmful byproducts. When diluting pesticides, it's best to use a two-step dilution method: first mix a small amount of water with the concentrated pesticide, stir thoroughly, then add more water to reach the desired concentration. This ensures a uniform solution and enhances the effectiveness of the treatment.
To improve the performance of the pesticide, you can add a small amount of vinegar or a pesticide synergist before application. To increase adhesion, follow the manufacturer’s recommendations and add 3000 times diluted 6501 spreader or 0.1% washing powder. Adding a little alcohol when controlling cockroach infestations can boost efficacy and reduce resistance development.
It is generally advisable to spray during sunny afternoons, avoiding high humidity, fog, or dew conditions, which can reduce the effectiveness of the treatment. When spraying, ensure the mist is fine and evenly distributed so that no liquid drips from the leaves. When targeting cockroaches, be sure to spray the underside of the leaves, and for mites, focus on the dense areas where they tend to gather.
Always refer to the pest reports issued by your local plant protection department. Apply pesticides during the growth stages when pests are most vulnerable. While using chemical pesticides, protect natural enemies by choosing less harmful options and avoiding their breeding periods. Rotate pesticides regularly to prevent resistance. Never apply the same pesticide continuously to the same pest or disease.
When mixing pesticides, strictly follow the recommended ratios and instructions. Avoid long-residual pesticides whenever possible. Do not apply broad-spectrum insecticides early in the crop growth cycle. Choose the right timing for pest control—when pest populations reach the threshold level, during their weakest life stage, when they are hidden, when crops are strong, and when natural enemy populations are low.
Carefully manage the dosage, concentration, and safety interval of the pesticide. Use the lowest effective concentration to control pests and diseases.
Skillful pesticide application techniques include:
1. Localized spraying: Target specific areas where crops are heavily damaged to reduce pesticide use and protect beneficial insects.
2. Ground application: Spraying on the ground can kill pests while minimizing harm to natural enemies.
3. Selective application: Use targeted agents that protect both the crops and the natural enemies.
4. Microbial preparations: For example, Beauveria bassiana can effectively control cockroach infestations.
5. Smart mixing: Combine pesticides with different modes of action to delay resistance and enhance efficacy. For instance, mixing a slow-acting organophosphate with a fast-acting pyrethroid can speed up pest knockdown and reduce damage to beneficial insects.
6. Integrated pest management: Combine chemical control with cultural and biological methods to minimize pesticide use, protect natural enemies, and ensure healthy crop growth.
Proper and skillful pesticide use is crucial. By following these guidelines, most farmers can significantly reduce the risk of safety incidents and achieve better results in pest control.
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