“The non-performing loan ratio is only 0.13%, the number of loaned SMEs exceeds 320,000, and the average loan amount reaches 1.5 million.†Dong Wenbiao, who is standing on the stage, tries to use specific figures to explain that Minsheng Bank is doing a solution to the financing problems of SMEs. Efforts.
He is the chairman of Minsheng Bank and the vice chairman of the National Federation of Industry and Commerce. These unique identities seem to make him closely linked to SME financing. He then alleged that there are various institutional obstacles in the large state-owned commercial banks in terms of lending to SMEs. There are so many obstacles that he is too lazy to say.
This is the scene of the China Private Economy Development Seminar held in Changbai Mountain, Jilin on August 23. On the same day, Dong Wenbiao told more than 100 private entrepreneurs that it is unrealistic and impossible to solve the problem of financing difficulties for SMEs through large state-owned commercial banks.
Cool
Zhu Hongren, the chief engineer of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, who was sitting in the first row, made a serious record. Dong Wenbiao’s speech on the financing difficulties of SMEs was almost the most serious part of his day. Two months ago, he conducted research on the financing difficulties of SMEs in Wenzhou and other places in Zhejiang. After the meeting, he told the newspaper, "It (Minsheng Bank) supports a quota of more than 1 million each, but the amount of loans for SMEs that really need support needs to be further sunk, so as to cover more and wider. The scope."
Shortly before Changbaishan attended the meeting, Zhu Hongren had just opened a communication meeting with the relevant responsible persons of the four state-owned commercial banks of industry, agriculture, China and China. The communication between the two sides revolved around the actions of the four major banks two years ago. An agreement signed by Li Yizhong, Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, stipulates that the four major banks' annual loans to small and medium-sized enterprises, "increment is not lower than the same period of the previous year, the growth rate is not lower than the average growth rate of all loans in the year." The two are not below the indicator.
Although the last two years, the four major banks have been faithful to the content of the agreement, but this year, they may have to "cool".
At that communication meeting, the four major banks put forward a "guarantee" and a "not necessarily guaranteed" to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. Guaranteed growth is not necessarily guaranteed. The four major banks also stated that "under the condition of strengthening the assessment of the total amount of credit, when the total amount of credit shrinks, as a direction of efforts, it may not be guaranteed."
In fact, according to the data released by Wu Xianting, deputy director of the central bank's marketing department, in an interview, in the three years of monetary easing in 2008-2010, the growth rate of SME loan balances in all corporate loans continued to decline, respectively, at 3.7%. , 2.5% and 0.6%.
Zhu Hongren said that although there are many indicators that can explain the difficulty of financing for SMEs, as long as one index is given, it can be explained that SME financing is more difficult than in the past, that is, private lending rates are increasing. This fully demonstrates that our loan supply is not sufficient, so the interest rate has risen sharply.
In fact, most of the private enterprises participating in the Changbai Mountain seminar on the same day are not short of money, such as Liu Chuanzhi’s Lenovo, Wang Jianlin’s Wanda, Wang Wenjing’s friends, and Cao Dewang’s Fuyao. Chen Zemin, chairman of Sanquan Group, said that many of the bank's credit and loans to large enterprises are inexhaustible, mainly for some small and medium-sized enterprises, and many of them are unable to borrow money.
Giving birth to grassroots finance
In the first half of this year, the National Federation of Industry and Commerce conducted a survey on the living conditions of SMEs. Among the six difficulties that SMEs are currently experiencing, financing difficulties ranked second after rising raw materials and labor costs. The survey found that banks have more loans to many large enterprises, but they have fewer loans to SMEs, higher interest rates, and higher costs for corporate financing. In addition, the difficulty of lending has also spawned many “underlying financing channels†that are not standardized.
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has found that in recent times, some places have set up guarantee companies or non-bank financial services institutions to solve the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises, but they are involved in the operation of usury.
As the SME management department, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology hopes to see the loans of major commercial banks, and can sink to the SMEs that really need funds. In the communication with the four major banks of industry, agriculture, China and construction, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology found that the total number of SMEs in these four accounts is not more than 300,000, which is less than 10% of the 4.6 million SMEs in the country.
The attitude of the four major banks made the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology aware that it is unrealistic to expect banks to increase their credit capacity to small and medium-sized enterprises immediately. One signal is that monetary policy will continue to tighten in the coming period. "In the face of inflation and CPI is still at a high point, if monetary policy is greatly relaxed at once, it is possible that all the efforts in front of us will be abandoned."
Zhu Hongren said that although both the central bank and the China Banking Regulatory Commission are demanding to strengthen credit support for small and medium-sized enterprises, the growth rate and total amount of loans from major banks to small and medium-sized enterprises are also growing. However, to solve the financing difficulties, it is necessary to establish a multi-level financial market system, not just relying on large banks.
This multi-level financing system includes the establishment of more rural banks, microfinance companies, various forms of guarantees, and various innovative means to solve the financing difficulties of SMEs. But to make a breakthrough, it takes a long time. Because there are still many obstacles in the current financial regulatory system.
Zhuang Congsheng, vice chairman of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, said that banks should also pursue their own profits, and now the banking industry has a lifelong accountability and two levels of punishment, so it will be extra cautious when lending to SMEs.
Zhu Hongren said that due to the institutional mechanism itself, large state-owned commercial banks can only implement financial services on a high platform, and large state-owned commercial banks are unlikely to lower the standard of service.
The National Federation of Industry and Commerce recently submitted a research report to the Central Committee, suggesting that more township banks, more small loan companies, more small guarantee companies, and reform and innovation of the financial system be promoted. Zhuang Congsheng said that many private enterprises are grassroots enterprises, and grassroots enterprises need grassroots finance. One of the representatives of “grassroots finance†is the credit product of e-commerce. In 2007, Alibaba cooperated with CCB, ICBC and other financial institutions to launch e-commerce credit financing services, using the operating data on the online trading platform as the credit basis to provide small loans for SMEs. In 2010, Alibaba Group joined forces with Fosun and Yintai to form a microfinance company and created an online microfinance model. However, these have been pointed out by financial regulators to prevent financial risks.
Zhu Hongren said that in the process of innovation, it is necessary to take into account risks as well as the needs of the market. Some financial services can be tried as long as they do not violate the rules. We hope that in the case of preventing financial risks, we can encourage more financial innovations, and launching some tailor-made financial products for SMEs in different situations can really alleviate the financing difficulties of SMEs.
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