What kind of energy saving and emission reduction do we need to cut power?

Abstract Background: The National Development and Reform Commission recently released a barometer of the completion of energy-saving targets in the first half of 2011, and forecasted changes in energy consumption per unit of GDP in the first half of each year. Through analysis and comparison of each region's annual and "Twelfth Five-Year" energy saving...

Background introduction:

The National Development and Reform Commission recently released a barometer of the completion of energy-saving targets in the first half of 2011, and predicted the changes in energy consumption per unit of GDP in the first half of each year. Through analysis and comparison of the annual and “Twelfth Five-Year” energy-saving target tasks in each region, the warning levels of various regions have been determined. The warning levels of 8 regions in Inner Mongolia, Jiangxi, Henan, Hainan, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and Xinjiang are first-class, and the energy-saving situation is very severe.

With the pressure of energy conservation and emission reduction, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hebei, Shanxi and other provinces have begun to impose mandatory power cuts on some high-energy-consuming enterprises or increase the price of electricity. In Anping County, Hebei Province, power cuts even Exceeding industrial electricity, even residents, hospitals and even traffic lights began to be blacked out. Is there a better way to reduce emissions? Is there any better way? In the face of energy saving and emission reduction, what are the different ways for different provinces? What are the characteristics of each? With the most difficult bones left, can the goal of reducing consumption be completed? With these questions, the reporter interviewed relevant experts to see if they can find the answer to the question from them.

Guest: Xie Ji (Deputy Director, Department of Environmental Protection, National Development and Reform Commission)

Song Hegan (Director of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council)

Yang Qiusheng (Deputy Director, Science and Industry Development Working Committee, Chinese Society of Environmental Sciences)

Difficulties in reducing emissions, "hard bones": space becomes smaller, difficulty increases

Reporter: During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, what is the energy saving situation in China?

Xie Ji: During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period, the energy consumption per unit of GDP in China decreased by about 19.1%, and the goal of energy saving of about 20% was basically completed.

Song Hegan: In the process of realizing energy-saving goals, the central enterprises have played the role of the main force. Central enterprises grasp the key to "structural adjustment" and take the elimination of backward production capacity and the development of clean energy as an important way to accelerate development and change direction. By the end of 2010, central enterprises had shut down 40.08 million kilowatts of small thermal power units, and eliminated backward power, refining and cement production capacity of 236,000 tons, 27.8 million tons and 13.82 million tons respectively.

Reporter: The "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" has already begun. What difficulties will China face in energy conservation work?

Xie Ji: The energy saving target of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” was determined to be 16%. 16% sounds lower than 20%, but from the perspective of achieving energy savings, it is not lower than 20%. Specifically, during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period, energy conservation will be 20%, and the energy saving capacity will be 630 million tons of standard coal; the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” will achieve the goal of 16%, and energy saving of 670 million tons of standard coal will be required. The latter is higher than the former.

Song Hegan: The energy conservation and emission reduction work of central enterprises is also facing severe challenges. At present, Western developed countries have adopted a low-carbon economy model to formulate new “rules of the game”, namely, by implementing carbon tariffs, approving new technical standards and market guidelines to limit the economic development of emerging countries, and hope to re-strengthen and develop The economic competitive advantage of China.

In addition to foreign factors, the state has also put forward higher requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction work. It is required to reach the end of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan”, the proportion of primary energy consumption will reach 11.4%, the carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP will be reduced by 17%, and the main pollutants will be reduced by 8% to 10%. The determination of these indicators indicates that the country is bigger. Determined to spend more effort to promote energy conservation and emission reduction work, will also have a very significant impact on central enterprises.

The space for energy conservation and emission reduction of central enterprises is becoming smaller and more difficult. It is mainly manifested in four aspects: During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period, the potential for energy conservation and emission reduction of central enterprises has been fully exploited, and the targets that can be reduced by the state can be reduced. The drop has been reduced, the good work has been done, and the rest are mostly difficult "hard bones"; many central enterprises' energy consumption and pollution emissions have reached the advanced level of the domestic industry, and some enterprises have reached the international leading level. In the future, we will continue to improve the level of energy conservation and emission reduction, and we will encounter greater difficulties. Central enterprises are mostly concentrated in the secondary industry, especially in high-energy industries. With the continuous expansion of the scale of enterprises or the continuous extension of the industrial chain, energy consumption and pollutants. The total amount of emissions will continue to increase; in the future, energy-saving and emission reduction work will be increasingly restricted by energy-saving environmental protection technology bottlenecks.

Develop mandatory performance standards, increase market access thresholds

Reporter: In the face of so many difficulties, what measures will the state and relevant departments take to complete the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” energy conservation goals?

Xie Ji: During the "11th Five-Year Plan" period, China implemented the energy conservation and emission reduction targets for the first time as a binding target. There is not much experience. As some local governments have mentioned, it feels that the government's administrative power is used too much. Some, while other means are used less; during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, we will improve these aspects and make more use of legal and economic means. In particular, it focuses on the role of market mechanisms, including the role of standards. For example, by setting mandatory performance standards to improve the market entry threshold, issuing high energy consumption standards, guiding production and user enterprises to improve energy efficiency; establishing a “leaders” system, setting up a best leader in different energy fields, and then With the leader as the benchmark, I hope that all production and user companies in the industry will use this benchmark to compare their energy utilization levels, identify gaps, and find out their own improvement measures.

During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period, China’s energy conservation and emission reduction achievements mainly depend on industry. Most energy-saving renovation projects and projects are also in industrial enterprises. During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, in addition to industry, more attention will be paid to construction and transportation. And other fields such as public institutions.

Song Hegan: During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission and central enterprises will focus on transforming the economic development mode, improving the quality of development, and increasing their core competitiveness, focusing on energy conservation and emission reduction. This includes formulating scientific and rational energy conservation and emission reduction targets and measures, strengthening research and development of key technologies and major equipment in key industries, unremittingly adjusting industrial structure, eliminating backward production capacity, optimizing energy structure, effectively reducing energy consumption, and improving energy conservation and environmental protection; It is also necessary to strengthen research, innovation and technology, improve process flow, improve equipment level, give play to the advantages of central enterprises in technology, talents, management, etc., and play an active role in energy efficiency management, energy-saving demonstration projects, and energy efficiency standards. In particular, while doing a good job in energy conservation and emission reduction, we will vigorously advocate new economic growth points characterized by low carbon emissions and further enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises.

Promote the participation of financial institutions to develop energy-saving services

Reporter: At present, the energy-saving market is booming and building this market. What measures are there?

Xie Ji: The new mechanism for establishing an energy-saving market is mainly to develop energy-saving service industries. The concept of the energy-saving service company was introduced to the United States from the United States in the 1990s. At that time, three energy-saving service companies were established in China. During the pilot operation, it was found that even if the energy-saving project is small, it requires a lot of financial institutions to participate in the operation, such as a guarantee institution. In addition, energy service companies are also facing problems such as shortage of funds and difficulties in project financing. Therefore, in the second phase of the project, China has set up energy conservation guarantee service companies, energy conservation service industry associations and other institutions to promote this work.

Since the energy-saving service industry belongs to the industry that invests and operates for user companies and finally recovers from the benefit sharing, it is easy to break the capital chain. Therefore, in the third phase, China has transferred 400 million US dollars from the World Bank. Supporting the three banks of China Exim Bank, Hua Xia Bank and Minsheng Bank to transfer loans, specifically supporting energy-saving service companies to do energy-saving service projects, and the third phase of the project is underway.

China has also formulated policies to encourage the development of energy-saving service industries. Give preferential treatment, reduction and exemption to business tax, income tax and value-added tax of energy-saving service companies; reward them for energy-saving services and projects. According to national regulations, energy-saving per ton of standard coal is 240 yuan, and local subsidies are required to be no less than 60 yuan. That is to say, the subsidy of 300 yuan per ton is the starting point, and the reward in Guangdong Province is the highest. The energy saving per ton of standard coal is 600 yuan (including 240 yuan for national reward).

Yang Qiusheng: The technical reform plan to solve energy conservation through the means of planning economic appropriation is only a drop in the bucket. It requires a new market mechanism to solve the development of national energy conservation and emission reduction, especially the lack of investment in technology and capital, and the development of energy-saving service industry. The implementation of the new model of contract energy management is the embodiment of the new market mechanism.

Production companies do not need to manage energy-saving issues, and are solved by energy-saving companies. All services such as capital, energy-saving diagnosis, construction, and technical products are provided by energy-saving companies. After the energy saving reaches a certain amount, the proceeds will be returned to the energy-saving company. This is the greatest attraction of this new mechanism.

Related Links

The National Development and Reform Commission announced that the energy saving target was completed in the first half of the year.

In the past six months in 2011, the National Development and Reform Commission recently released a barometer of the completion of energy-saving targets in the first half of 2011, and forecasted the changes in energy consumption per unit of GDP in the first half of each year. Through analysis and comparison of the annual and “Twelfth Five-Year” energy-saving target tasks in each region, the warning levels of various regions have been determined. The warning levels of 8 regions in Inner Mongolia, Jiangxi, Henan, Hainan, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and Xinjiang are first-class, and the energy-saving situation is very severe.

At the end of July, the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities across the country announced the GDP data for the first half of the year. The reporter found that the GDP growth rate of the above eight first-level early warning areas all exceeded the national average of 9.6%. The eight provinces in the eight early warning areas accounted for five.

In contrast, on July 29, CEC released the “National Electricity Supply and Demand and Economic Operation Situation Analysis and Forecast Report (first half of 2011)”. It mentioned that in the first half of the year, the electricity consumption of the whole society increased by 12.2% year-on-year. The monthly electricity consumption growth rate is between 10% and 14%, which is still within the relatively fast growth rate range. In the first half of the year, the province's electricity consumption achieved positive growth, with the western region's electricity consumption increasing most rapidly, reaching 15.8%, significantly higher than other regions.

The report mentioned that the power consumption of the four key industries of chemical industry, building materials, ferrous metal smelting and non-ferrous metal smelting totaled 748.2 billion kWh, an increase of 11.2% year-on-year; accounting for 33.2% of the total electricity consumption of the whole society. The contribution rate is 30.8%.

Affected by the growth of electricity consumption in the four major industries, the growth rate of electricity consumption in Xinjiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Yunnan, Ningxia, Hainan, Qinghai, Gansu and Inner Mongolia all exceeded 15%, and the electricity consumption in the western provinces increased significantly.

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