The ball head is also called a ball pin. The ball pin assembly is connected with the control arm and the steering knuckle. It needs to transmit force and torque to ensure the normal operation of the vehicle. Therefore, each joint must be rigidly connected, and no slip, deformation or damage should occur.
There are mainly five ways to connect with the control arm, namely, riveted type, bolted type, pressed-in type, welded type, and integrated type. Among them, the integrated ball pin and control arm are integrated together, have better strength and smaller space, but the cost is high, generally used in the middle and high-grade suspension, the other 4 are common ways, each has The pros and cons should consider the design space, process and cost to determine the appropriate connection form.
There are three main ways of connecting with the steering knuckle, namely a taper connection, a slotted cylindrical connection, and a cylindrical connection with a spherical surface. Among them, the cylindrical connection method with spherical surface is used for the steering knuckle of aluminum alloy, and the main purpose is to increase the contact area and prevent plastic deformation of the aluminum alloy. Taper connections and slotted cylindrical connections are mainly used for cast iron knuckles.
Connection with control arm
According to the connection mode with the control arm, it can be divided into: riveted type, bolted type, pressed-in type, welded type and integrated type. See Table 1 below for details:
Table 1 Ball pin classification - connection with the control arm
Connection with knuckle
According to the connection with the steering knuckle, it can be divided into: taper connection, slotted cylindrical connection, cylindrical connection with spherical surface, as shown in Table 2 below:
Table 2 Ball pin classification - connection with steering knuckle
Knuckle lock type
In order to ensure the reliability of the ball pin assembly and the steering knuckle connection, there are mainly three kinds of locking methods, namely, a self-locking nut, a slotted thin nut and a split pin, and a ball pin lateral bolt nut. Among them, because of the strength and reliability reasons, the knuckle of the aluminum alloy should avoid the way of using the ball pin lateral bolt and nut.
Table 3 Ball Pin Classification - and steering knuckle lock type
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