In response to the long-standing challenges faced by resource-based cities, the State Council recently released the National Sustainable Development Plan for Resource-Based Cities (2013–2020). This comprehensive plan focuses on improving people’s livelihoods and addressing key issues such as occupational diseases among miners, including pneumoconiosis, chronic gastritis, and dermatitis. The initiative aims to ensure better healthcare access, enhance medical services, and improve emergency care in mining regions.
Many cities that have historically relied on natural resources now face significant problems, including a lack of sustainable development drivers and severe social challenges. Over 70 million square meters of slums require renovation, and approximately 140,000 hectares of submerged areas need rehabilitation. With more than 600,000 unemployed miners and over 1.8 million individuals receiving urban subsistence allowances, the urgency for action is clear.
To address these issues, the plan emphasizes the importance of improving basic healthcare systems and increasing efforts to prevent and treat occupational diseases. By 2020, it sets specific targets, including per capita disposable income for urban residents exceeding 29,700 yuan, rural residents’ net income surpassing 14,100 yuan, and an urban unemployment rate below 5%. It also aims for the complete reconstruction of slum areas.
Creating jobs is another top priority under the plan. It encourages government investment, supports labor-intensive industries, and promotes small businesses and service sectors. Initiatives like micro-loan programs, tax incentives, and training centers aim to foster entrepreneurship and improve employment opportunities. Special attention is given to vulnerable groups, such as displaced miners, disabled workers, and landless farmers.
The plan also highlights the need to renovate urban and industrial slums, with increased government funding and supportive policies for taxation, land, and finance. Infrastructure improvements, such as water supply, sanitation, and public facilities, are essential to support relocated communities. Additionally, it calls for the development of a professional and efficient human resources system to enhance job placement and support.
Social insurance systems, including pensions, medical care, and unemployment benefits, are being expanded to cover more citizens. Efforts are underway to resolve historical issues, such as ensuring retired workers from bankrupted enterprises have access to medical insurance. The plan also addresses the social security needs of landless farmers and improves access to social assistance and minimum living standards.
Safety and environmental protection are central to the plan. It stresses the importance of strengthening safety regulations in high-risk industries like mining, construction, and hazardous materials. Emergency preparedness, hazard monitoring, and disaster response mechanisms are being developed to reduce risks from landslides, subsidence, and other geological threats. Forest fire prevention and environmental protection measures are also prioritized.
Finally, the plan seeks to resolve social conflicts related to resource extraction, land acquisition, and corporate restructuring. It emphasizes improved petition systems and the establishment of mechanisms for expressing public concerns and managing interests effectively.
This plan represents a comprehensive effort to transform resource-based cities into sustainable, livable, and economically viable communities for future generations.
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