In the process of using pesticides , farmers' friends do not understand the problems of “when can I fight drugs, what drugs are good, and how to fight drugsâ€, which may cause phytotoxicity or make crops resistant. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the guidance of scientific and rational use of drugs to ensure good drug efficacy.
First, when you see a worm, you can kill the worm.
"No insects are not sick, what medicine do I take? Isitate money!" Many farmers have the idea that this is a typical heavy treatment and light prevention. I don’t know how to kill insects, see diseases and cure diseases is the most wasteful. Under normal circumstances, the resistance of young insects to pesticides is poor. It is the best time to use chemical control before the third age. At this time, the insects are not easy to find, and some farmers start to use drugs when the pests have already occurred, causing certain losses. At the same time, the efficacy is also difficult to play.
In the prevention and treatment of diseases, drug control should be carried out at the time of initial infection. The disease prevention agent is one-half to one-fifth of the price of the therapeutic agent. When the disease occurs and the epidemic is used, many therapeutic drugs are uncontrollable, causing economic losses and preventing disease.
Second, the more complete the pesticide, the better. This is not the case.
Some farmers think that they don't know which cloud will rain, only a variety of pesticides are tried. Some farmers are acute. When the pesticide is not effective or slow, it will be replaced by another pesticide. The result is that the more the pesticide is used, the less effective it is.
In the survey, more than 60 names were mentioned by farmers, and some farmers had more than 10 kinds of pesticides and even more in their homes. According to the China Pesticide Network , in the face of high incidence of pests and diseases, farmers usually mix several drugs. There are also some farmers who believe that the pesticides in the front and the dead insects are good pesticides. Therefore, there are still high-toxic and banned pesticides. Some high-toxic and banned pesticides such as methamidophos and omethoate are still found in the survey. It is not known that this is extremely easy to cause pesticide residues to exceed the standard, which is not conducive to the quality and safety of agricultural products, and thus will affect the interests of farmers themselves.
The third is to pursue quick-acting and blindly increase the amount of medication.
Some farmers are eager to treat diseases and diseases, and they are always worried about the varieties and dosages used by the agricultural technology and plant protection departments. When applying the medicine, the variety and dosage should always be increased arbitrarily. The dosage is usually larger than the recommended amount. There are also medication information that is often magnified. For example, when township and village-level agricultural distributors sell to farmers, “insurance†usually increases the recommended dosage to 1.5 to 2 times. In the field, in order to ensure the insecticidal effect, the actual amount of farmers may be 1.5 to 2 times the recommended amount of agricultural stores.
Coupled with the shortage of rural labor, farmers tend to save trouble, blindly pursue insecticide fast, long-term efficacy, do not follow the instructions, do not use measurement tools, and increase the amount of drugs without authorization. Some farmers said, "Why should I use two buckets of water per acre to fight? I can hit an acre of land with a bucket of water." When asked, "Which choice is based on the time and amount of medication used," 39 Among the 33 households, 33 households answered “according to the situation in the local area and relying on their own experienceâ€.
Fourth, there are five times and five dozens of drugs, and I don’t believe that pests and diseases can’t be prevented.
Some farmers said: "I will not be able to prevent me from taking medicine once every three days!" Some farmers said: "No matter what, there are insects to fight, if you are sick, you must fight and fight." "Because it is not clear how the pests and diseases occur, many farmers, regardless of the severity of the pests and diseases, do not meet the control indicators, do not grasp the appropriate period of medication, see the insects to fight. Pesticide manufacturers remind everyone that when pests and diseases occur in the initial discomfort, when the pests and diseases are harmful, they will fight drugs frequently, and some even hit a day. If the insects do not die immediately, they will increase the dose and increase the concentration. Shorten the interval and use drugs. For example, during the critical period of cotton growth from June to August, farmers in some areas basically take medicine once a week. In addition to farmers increasing the number of medications for the sake of insurance, there are illegal drug dealers who sell pesticides at the door, misleading farmers to increase the number of medications and use pesticides. This practice will greatly increase the resistance of crops and cause a vicious circle.
Fifth, the application of pesticides is not standardized, and the awareness of self-protection is poor.
Among the interviewed farmers, there were a few wearing masks and long sleeves when fighting drugs. The main reason why farmers are not willing to take protective measures is that the weather is too hot, and most farmers think that as long as there is no acute poisoning, there is no need to take protective measures. Many farmers do not follow the operating rules, apply wind or reverse walking, body contact with pesticides or Inhalation of pesticides, causing pollution. The author often sees in the countryside that some farmers do not care about the high temperature in summer, and apply medicine around noon, which is extremely prone to heatstroke and poisoning. There are also improper and unclear custody, and accidental non-productive poisoning accidents occur occasionally. Most farmers do not have special warehouses and special boxes for storage. They often store pesticides at home. This phenomenon is common and provides convenience for misuse, misuse, poisoning and crimes.
Sixth, the pesticide packaging is discarded at random, and care is not taken to protect the environment.
Throughout the year, the number of pesticides used in farmland is numerous and varied, and there are insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides. Especially in summer, rice fields are frequently used, and often after the drug is washed with heavy rain, some pesticides in crops and farmland are polluted and polluted. In the surveyed rural areas, the author saw that in the fields, such as the fields, the grounds, the ditches and the rivers, the ponds, and the large and small waters, the discarded pesticide packaging materials were scattered everywhere. Among the 39 farmers surveyed, except for some farmers who were required to keep pesticide packaging, all the other pesticide packages were discarded after use. In many areas, rural areas have not taken measures to properly dispose of pesticides and waste packaging materials. Over time, they have caused great pollution to the farmland environment.
In the above several cases, these unscientific drug concepts should be guided and corrected in time. Pesticide manufacturers recommend that government departments strengthen the guidance of farmers' drug use, strengthen science and technology to go to the countryside, increase the use of pesticide science, and guide farmers to apply pesticides safely, scientifically and rationally.
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