Wheat lodging is a common issue that can occur in two forms: root lodging and stem lodging. Root lodging typically results from weak root development, shallow roots, and a lack of secondary roots, which are unable to support the weight of the above-ground parts of the plant. Stem lodging, on the other hand, is primarily caused by underdeveloped mechanical tissues at the base of the stem and excessive elongation between the first and second nodes. This condition is often linked to overpopulation or excessive nitrogen fertilizer application.
Through practical experience, it has been found that preventing wheat lodging requires more than just selecting resistant varieties. It also involves improving soil preparation, ensuring quality planting practices, and managing the field during the jointing stage. Early suppression of excessively vigorous wheat fields is essential to prevent overgrowth. After spring, deep cultivation should be carried out to cut off some of the old roots, encouraging the growth of new roots and enhancing the plant's resistance to lodging.
Controlling the use of green manure and split fertilizers is also important for effective management. In addition to insufficient base fertilizer, poor soil conditions, late-sown fields, or areas with weak seedlings, it is necessary to reduce nitrogen fertilizer application to control plant growth and strengthen the stalks. The rational use of plant growth regulators is another key strategy.
Some commonly used plant growth regulators include:
1. Before the jointing stage, apply 15% paclobutrazol wettable powder at a rate of 50 grams per acre, diluted with 50 kg of water and uniformly sprayed.
2. Before the jointing stage, use 25–50 ml of 50% chlormequat solution per acre, mixed with 30–40 kg of water and sprayed evenly.
3. Apply 15–20 ml of mepiquat chloride or 3–5 grams of DPC wettable powder per acre, mixed with 40 kg of water and sprayed thoroughly.
These methods help improve the structural integrity of the wheat plant, reducing the risk of lodging and increasing overall yield. By implementing these practices, farmers can ensure healthier crops and better harvests.
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