Wheat lodging is a common issue in agriculture, and it typically occurs in two forms: root lodging and stem lodging. Root lodging happens when the roots are weak, shallow, or underdeveloped, making them unable to support the weight of the above-ground parts of the plant. Stem lodging, on the other hand, is usually caused by a weak mechanical structure at the base of the stem and an excessive length between the first and second nodes. This is often the result of high plant density or over-application of nitrogen fertilizer.
To prevent wheat from lodging, farmers must take several measures. First, selecting varieties with strong resistance to lodging is essential. Improving soil preparation and planting quality also plays a key role. Additionally, proper field management during the jointing stage of wheat growth is crucial.
One effective strategy is to suppress the growth of excessively tall wheat fields early on to prevent overgrowth. After spring, deep cultivation can help cut some of the old roots, encouraging the development of new roots and strengthening the plant's ability to resist lodging.
Controlling the use of green manure and split fertilizers is another important step. Farmers should apply fertilizers rationally. In cases where there is insufficient base fertilizer, poor soil conditions, or late planting that leads to weak seedlings, it's advisable to reduce nitrogen fertilizer application to control plant growth and promote stronger stems.
The use of plant growth regulators can also be beneficial. For example:
1. Before the jointing stage, 50 grams of 15% paclobutrazol powder can be diluted in 50 kg of water and sprayed evenly across one acre.
2. Before jointing, 25–50 ml of 50% chlormequat solution per acre can be mixed with 30–40 kg of water and sprayed.
3. Alternatively, 15–20 ml of mepiquat or 3–5 grams of DPC powder per acre can be mixed with 40 kg of water and applied as a spray.
By implementing these strategies, farmers can significantly reduce the risk of wheat lodging and improve overall crop yield and quality. It’s important to monitor the crop regularly and adjust management practices accordingly to ensure optimal results.
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