Fire communication plays a vital role in firefighting operations, acting as the nervous system for dispatch, organization, and command. With the rapid advancement of communication and computer technologies, several cities in China have implemented modern fire-fighting communication networks that integrate computers, cables, wireless communication, and image transmission systems. These innovations have significantly improved the scientific and automated capabilities of fire equipment systems, enhancing the response capacity to fires, large-scale incidents, and cross-regional coordination.
This article explores the development trends of the fire communication command system. The system consists of multiple components, including the fire command center, basic fire squadrons, command vehicles, key security units, and related departments. Together, they form an integrated network that supports alarm reception, resource scheduling, and decision-making support. Fire communication is essential for information transmission during rescue missions. After the release of design specifications for fire communication command systems, the technical composition, equipment configuration, and functional requirements became more standardized, guiding the system toward normal development.
In developed countries like the U.S. and Japan, computer-aided decision-making and information management have been well established, with extensive work done on simulation training. In China, although the fire communication command system started later, major cities are now actively building modern systems with advanced functions and efficient operations. These systems incorporate cutting-edge technologies such as computers, communication, control, and information integration, combining wired and wireless communications, computer networks, GIS, GPS, image processing, and automation.
Over the years, most cities have established centralized alarm receiving systems, with significant improvements in wireless communication equipment. A level-two wireless network has been initially formed, improving communication quality. The configuration of alarm lines has also greatly increased compared to previous years. In some areas, telecommunications or public security networks are used to enhance office automation and data management, achieving near-complete system integration.
The history of fire communication in China dates back to the Tang and Song dynasties, where gongs, drums, and signal flags were used. However, due to economic decline at the end of the Qing Dynasty, China fell behind other nations. While Western countries began adopting modern communication tools like telephones, China's fire communication remained rudimentary. After the founding of New China, fire communication was limited to telephone alarms, with minimal wired communication infrastructure and simple tools like shouting and gestures.
By the 1960s, fire communication systems saw gradual improvements. Power-supply switches were introduced for wired communication, and some fire stations set up basic alarm dispatchers. Wireless communication began using shortwave radios and telegraphs. In the 1970s, VHF FM radios emerged, while older technologies like AM radiotelephones and telegraphs were phased out. As radio use expanded, wireless networking technology started to develop.
After the reform and opening-up policy, China experienced rapid economic growth, which also accelerated the development of fire communication. Specialized fire alarm dispatchers were introduced, and many power-supply switches were replaced. Today, most fire departments rely on advanced alarm systems, and the wired communication network is fully established.
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